解读 (6千字)
VB DLL(主要指msvbvm50.dll、msvbvm60.dll)中导出的函数没有正式文档描述,既不知道传递给函数的参数是什么,也不知道函数返回什么值,这对从汇编层次上理解VB程序的算法和流程造成了一定的困难。VB程序使用的关键数据结构是VARIANT(MSDN中有描述),这是用作OLE Automation的一个通用结构,实际上是一个联合,其中可以存放各种标准的数据类型如LONG、BYTE、FLOAT、BSTR等。该结构中有一个标志用来指明在某一时刻该结构中具体存放的是哪种数据类型。不同的数据类型之间可以根据需要进行转换。
该结构的定义如下(#include <oaidl.h>)。其中vt就是用来表明实际存放的数据类型的标志。从该结构的偏移0x08处开始就是实际的数据。一般传给VB函数的参数都是某个VARIANT结构的指针,假定该指针的值放在寄存器eax中,则用"dd eax+8"(对于值类型)或"dd *(eax+8)"(对于指针类型)就可以看见传给该函数的实际参数值。知道这一点之后再去分析VB DLL中的函数相对来说就比较简单一些。
/* VARIANT STRUCTURE
*
* VARTYPE vt; //WORD
* WORD wReserved1;
* WORD wReserved2;
* WORD wReserved3;
* union {
* LONG VT_I4
* BYTE VT_UI1
* SHORT VT_I2
* FLOAT VT_R4
* DOUBLE VT_R8
* VARIANT_BOOL VT_BOOL
* SCODE VT_ERROR
* CY VT_CY
* DATE VT_DATE
* BSTR VT_BSTR
* IUnknown * VT_UNKNOWN
* IDispatch * VT_DISPATCH
* SAFEARRAY * VT_ARRAY
* BYTE * VT_BYREF|VT_UI1
* SHORT * VT_BYREF|VT_I2
* LONG * VT_BYREF|VT_I4
* FLOAT * VT_BYREF|VT_R4
* DOUBLE * VT_BYREF|VT_R8
* VARIANT_BOOL * VT_BYREF|VT_BOOL
* SCODE * VT_BYREF|VT_ERROR
* CY * VT_BYREF|VT_CY
* DATE * VT_BYREF|VT_DATE
* BSTR * VT_BYREF|VT_BSTR
* IUnknown ** VT_BYREF|VT_UNKNOWN
* IDispatch ** VT_BYREF|VT_DISPATCH
* SAFEARRAY ** VT_BYREF|VT_ARRAY
* VARIANT * VT_BYREF|VT_VARIANT
* PVOID VT_BYREF (Generic ByRef)
* CHAR VT_I1
* USHORT VT_UI2
* ULONG VT_UI4
* INT VT_INT
* UINT VT_UINT
* DECIMAL * VT_BYREF|VT_DECIMAL
* CHAR * VT_BYREF|VT_I1
* USHORT * VT_BYREF|VT_UI2
* ULONG * VT_BYREF|VT_UI4
* INT * VT_BYREF|VT_INT
* UINT * VT_BYREF|VT_UINT
* }
*/
标准数据类型VARTYPE的定义(#include <wtypes.h>):
typedef unsigned short VARTYPE;
/*
* VARENUM usage key,
*
* * [V] - may appear in a VARIANT
* * [T] - may appear in a TYPEDESC
* * [P] - may appear in an OLE property set
* * [S] - may appear in a Safe Array
*
*
* VT_EMPTY [V] [P] nothing
* VT_NULL [V] [P] SQL style Null
* VT_I2 [V][T][P][S] 2 byte signed int
* VT_I4 [V][T][P][S] 4 byte signed int
* VT_R4 [V][T][P][S] 4 byte real
* VT_R8 [V][T][P][S] 8 byte real
* VT_CY [V][T][P][S] currency
* VT_DATE [V][T][P][S] date
* VT_BSTR [V][T][P][S] OLE Automation string
* VT_DISPATCH [V][T][P][S] IDispatch *
* VT_ERROR [V][T][P][S] SCODE
* VT_BOOL [V][T][P][S] True=-1, False=0
* VT_VARIANT [V][T][P][S] VARIANT *
* VT_UNKNOWN [V][T] [S] IUnknown *
* VT_DECIMAL [V][T] [S] 16 byte fixed point
* VT_RECORD [V] [P][S] user defined type
* VT_I1 [V][T][P][s] signed char
* VT_UI1 [V][T][P][S] unsigned char
* VT_UI2 [V][T][P][S] unsigned short
* VT_UI4 [V][T][P][S] unsigned short
* VT_I8 [T][P] signed 64-bit int
* VT_UI8 [T][P] unsigned 64-bit int
* VT_INT [V][T][P][S] signed machine int
* VT_UINT [V][T] [S] unsigned machine int
* VT_VOID [T] C style void
* VT_HRESULT [T] Standard return type
* VT_PTR [T] pointer type
* VT_SAFEARRAY [T] (use VT_ARRAY in VARIANT)
* VT_CARRAY [T] C style array
* VT_USERDEFINED [T] user defined type
* VT_LPSTR [T][P] null terminated string
* VT_LPWSTR [T][P] wide null terminated string
* VT_FILETIME [P] FILETIME
* VT_BLOB [P] Length prefixed bytes
* VT_STREAM [P] Name of the stream follows
* VT_STORAGE [P] Name of the storage follows
* VT_STREAMED_OBJECT [P] Stream contains an object
* VT_STORED_OBJECT [P] Storage contains an object
* VT_BLOB_OBJECT [P] Blob contains an object
* VT_CF [P] Clipboard format
* VT_CLSID [P] A Class ID
* VT_VECTOR [P] simple counted array
* VT_ARRAY [V] SAFEARRAY*
* VT_BYREF [V] void* for local use
* VT_BSTR_BLOB Reserved for system use
*/
enum VARENUM
{ VT_EMPTY = 0,
VT_NULL = 1,
VT_I2 = 2,
VT_I4 = 3,
VT_R4 = 4,
VT_R8 = 5,
VT_CY = 6,
VT_DATE = 7,
VT_BSTR = 8,
VT_DISPATCH = 9,
VT_ERROR = 10,
VT_BOOL = 11,
VT_VARIANT = 12,
VT_UNKNOWN = 13,
VT_DECIMAL = 14,
VT_I1 = 16,
VT_UI1 = 17,
VT_UI2 = 18,
VT_UI4 = 19,
VT_I8 = 20,
VT_UI8 = 21,
VT_INT = 22,
VT_UINT = 23,
VT_VOID = 24,
VT_HRESULT = 25,
VT_PTR = 26,
VT_SAFEARRAY = 27,
VT_CARRAY = 28,
VT_USERDEFINED = 29,
VT_LPSTR = 30,
VT_LPWSTR = 31,
VT_RECORD = 36,
VT_FILETIME = 64,
VT_BLOB = 65,
VT_STREAM = 66,
VT_STORAGE = 67,
VT_STREAMED_OBJECT = 68,
VT_STORED_OBJECT = 69,
VT_BLOB_OBJECT = 70,
VT_CF = 71,
VT_CLSID = 72,
VT_BSTR_BLOB = 0xfff,
VT_VECTOR = 0x1000,
VT_ARRAY = 0x2000,
VT_BYREF = 0x4000,
VT_RESERVED = 0x8000,
VT_ILLEGAL = 0xffff,
VT_ILLEGALMASKED = 0xfff,
VT_TYPEMASK = 0xfff
};
VB DLL还调用了oleauto32.dll中的部分函数。oleauto32.dll是个通用的proxy/stub DLL,其每个函数的原型在<oleauto.h>中定义,并在MSDN中有详细描述。这也有助于理解VB DLL中的函数的作用。
举例:
LEA EAX, [EBP-58]
PUSH EAX
CALL [MSVBVM60!__vbaI4Var]
执行call之前敲dd eax+8,得到的值为3;
执行完call之后,eax = 3
从而可知__vbaI4Var的作用是将一个VARIANT转换为I4(即一个长整数)。
